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Miller continued the title in a similar vein to McKenzie. Resuming the drastic metamorphosis the previous writer had begun, Miller took the step of essentially ignoring all of Daredevil's continuity prior to his run on the series; on the occasions where older villains and supporting cast were used, their characterizations and history with Daredevil were reworked or overwritten. Most prominently, dedicated and loving father Jack Murdock was reimagined as a drunkard who [[physical abuse|physically abused]] his son Matt, entirely revising Daredevil's reasons for becoming a lawyer.<ref name="daredevilvol1#191">{{Cite comic | Writer=Miller, Frank | Penciller=Miller, Frank| Inker=[[Terry Austin (comics)|Austin, Terry]] | Story= Roulette | Title=Daredevil | Issue=191 | date=May 1980 | Publisher=Marvel Comics}}</ref> [[Spider-Man]] villain [[Kingpin (character)|Kingpin]] was introduced as Daredevil's new primary nemesis, displacing most of his large rogues gallery. Daredevil himself was gradually developed into something of an [[antihero]]. In issue #181 (April 1982), he attempts to murder Bullseye by throwing him off a tall building; when the villain survives as a [[quadriplegic]], he breaks into his hospital room and tries to scare him to death by playing a two-man variation on [[Russian roulette]] with a secretly unloaded gun.<ref name="daredevilvol1#191"/>
Miller continued the title in a similar vein to McKenzie. Resuming the drastic metamorphosis the previous writer had begun, Miller took the step of essentially ignoring all of Daredevil's continuity prior to his run on the series; on the occasions where older villains and supporting cast were used, their characterizations and history with Daredevil were reworked or overwritten. Most prominently, dedicated and loving father Jack Murdock was reimagined as a drunkard who [[physical abuse|physically abused]] his son Matt, entirely revising Daredevil's reasons for becoming a lawyer.<ref name="daredevilvol1#191">{{Cite comic | Writer=Miller, Frank | Penciller=Miller, Frank| Inker=[[Terry Austin (comics)|Austin, Terry]] | Story= Roulette | Title=Daredevil | Issue=191 | date=May 1980 | Publisher=Marvel Comics}}</ref> [[Spider-Man]] villain [[Kingpin (character)|Kingpin]] was introduced as Daredevil's new primary nemesis, displacing most of his large rogues gallery. Daredevil himself was gradually developed into something of an [[antihero]]. In issue #181 (April 1982), he attempts to murder Bullseye by throwing him off a tall building; when the villain survives as a [[quadriplegic]], he breaks into his hospital room and tries to scare him to death by playing a two-man variation on [[Russian roulette]] with a secretly unloaded gun.<ref name="daredevilvol1#191"/>


Following up a suggestion from O'Neill that he give Daredevil a realistic fighting style,<ref>{{cite news |author=Kraft, David Anthony |author2=Salicup, Jim |author-link=David Anthony Kraft |author-link2=Jim Salicrup |date=April 1983 |title=Frank Miller's Ronin|work=[[Comics Interview]] |issue=2 |pages=7–21 |publisher=[[Fictioneer Books]]}}</ref> Miller introduced [[ninja]]s into the Daredevil canon, bringing a martial-arts aspect to Daredevil's fighting skills, and introducing previously unseen characters who had played a major part in his youth: [[Stick (comics)|Stick]], leader of the ninja clan, the [[Chaste (Marvel Comics)|Chaste]], who had been Murdock's [[sensei]] after he was blinded;<ref>DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 202: "Possibly modeled after Nantembo, a Zen master who reputedly disciplined his students by striking them with his nantin staff, Stick first appeared in this issue [#176] by Frank Miller."</ref> a rival organization of assassins called the [[Hand (comics)|Hand]];<ref>DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 202: The Hand was a league of ninja assassins who employed dark magic...Introduced in ''Daredevil'' #174 by writer/artist Frank Miller, this group of deadly warriors had been hired by the Kingpin of Crime to exterminate Matt Murdock."</ref> and [[Elektra (comics)|Elektra]], an ex-girlfriend and sometime member of the Hand.<ref>DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 201: "Matt Murdock's college sweetheart first appeared in this issue [#168] by writer/artist Frank Miller."</ref> This was a drastic change for a character once called "the sightless [[swashbuckler]]." <!--following is POV; needs a cite: The focus of a ninja's control of the inner self-served as a counterbalance to the emerging themes of anger and torment.--> Elektra was killed by Bullseye in issue #181 (April 1982).<ref>DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 207: "Frank Miller did the unthinkable when he killed off the popular Elektra in ''Daredevil'' #181...[This issue] immediately sold out in comic book stores and sent fans and retailers to raid mass-market newsstands for all the remaining copies."</ref>
Following up a suggestion from O'